Executive Summary

Fluent is a layer 2 network on Ethereum designed to revolutionize decentralized application (dApp) development by introducing the world’s first blended execution environment. The platform unifies multiple Virtual Machine (VMs), starting with WebAssembly (Wasm), Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM), and soon Solana Virtual Machine (SVM), into a single, zero-knowledge (zk) optimized ecosystem. This approach empowers developers to build composable, high-performance dApps in virtually any programming language, breaking free from the constraints of single VM blockchains. 

Fluent leverages Ethereum’s security and ecosystem while enhancing scalability and flexibility through its zkVM rollup architecture. It allows integration with modular solutions like Celestia for data availability, reduces transaction costs, and boosts throughput while maintaining compatibility with Ethereum’s smart contract standards. The platform’s core innovation lies in its ability to blend Wasm’s versatility, EVM’s interoperability, and SVM’s speed into a unified execution layer, verified by zk-proofs for security and efficiency. 

The network addresses the problems of limited expressivity and the steep learning curve of current execution environments, which lock out most developers. Fluent introduces features like language-agnostic smart contracts and zk-optimized parallelization, enabling developers to use familiar tools like Rust or TypeScript while creating dApps that interoperate seamlessly across VMs. In its current phase of devnet, Fluent is laying the groundwork to transform Ethereum into a truly inclusive platform for permissionless innovation. 

About the Project

Vision: 

Fluent aims to create a future where blockchain development is as open and expressive as traditional software engineering, unshackled from the limitations of a single VM ecosystem. Built as an Ethereum L2, Fluent blends Wasm, EVM, and SVM into a unified, zk-optimized execution environment. The goal is to empower developers to build dApps on Ethereum using their preferred languages and tools and create a truly inclusive space for permissionless innovation. 

Problem:

Blockchain development today is constrained by rigid execution environments that limit who can participate and what they can create. Current networks like Ethereum rely heavily on the EVM, which supports only a handful of languages like Solidity and demands specialized knowledge. This single VM approach restricts expressivity, forcing developers to adapt to the blockchain’s rules rather than leveraging their existing skills. Disjointed ecosystems (EVM, SVM) also hinder composability, fragmenting developer efforts and slowing innovation. The result is a high barrier to entry that keeps Web3 from reaching its full potential. 

Solutions:

Fluent tackles these challenges head-on with its blended execution network, a zk rollup that integrates multiple VMs into a single Ethereum L2. Combining Wasm’s language-agnostic flexibility, EVM’s compatibility, and SVM’s high-performance capabilities, Fluent lets developers write smart contracts in languages like Rust, TypeScript, Solidity, or Vyper with native Cross-VM calls enabled. Zero-knowledge proofs optimize security and efficiency, while integrations like Celestia for data availability enhance scalability. This approach lowers the technical hurdle, boosts dApp composability, and invites a broader community to innovate on Ethereum without compromise. 

Market Analysis

The global blockchain market is surging, with a total crypto market capitalization of $2.7T. While more than half of it is captured by Bitcoin alone, the rest belongs to smart contract blockchains like Ethereum and Solana, along with many decentralized applications building on top of these networks. The layer 2 networks put together account for about $14B of market capitalization as per CoinGecko, which is only growing yearly. Fluent fits in this and the interoperability market, which can grow exponentially if the user experience is improved and all the unnecessary hurdles are removed. 

Competition: 

Fluent is not alone in pushing multi-VM innovation; here are some of the competitors:

• Arbitrum Stylus: An Ethereum L2 extension that adds Wasm alongside EVM, letting developers code in Rust, C++, and more with zk-optimized execution. It’s live on Arbitrum Nitro, leveraging a multi-billion dollar TVL ecosystem, but lacks SVM plans.
• Fuel: A modular L2 rollup, Fuel’s FuelVM supports Wasm and EVM via its Sway language (Rust-based), focusing on parallel execution for high TPS. It is still in testnet, aligned with Ethereum but does not blend with SVM yet.
• Eclipse: A modular L2 integrating SVM with Ethereum settlement and Celestia for data availability, Eclipse targets Solana’s speed for Ethereum dApps. It is in the testnet phase as well and skips Wasm.
• Polygon zkEVM: While primarily EVM-focused, Polygon’s zkEVM explores alt-VM compatibility in its broader ecosystem. It’s live with some TVL but doesn’t natively blend Wasm or SVM.

Fluent stands out with its Wasm-EVM-SVM trifecta, aiming for max language flexibility and zkVM edge. Against Arbitrum’s mature ecosystem, Fuel’s parallel focus, Eclipse’s SVM lean, and Polygon’s EVM dominance, Fluent’s challenge in execution, delivering a live network that brings developers from Web2 and Web3 alike. 

Features

• Blended Execution Environment: Fluent allows dApps to operate seamlessly across Wasm, EVM, and SVM environments. Developers can build applications that interact with multiple VMs in real-time, breaking down silos between blockchain ecosystems. 

• zkWasm Rollup: The protocol leverages zk rollup to enhance scalability and security while reducing costs. It uses a custom Wasm variant called rWasm, optimized for zk-based proofs, enabling efficient and secure execution. 

• Interoperability: Fluent fosters cross-chain compatibility by enabling smart contracts written in different programming languages to interact seamlessly. This makes it ideal for building cross-chain dApps that combine the strengths of various blockchain ecosystems.

• Developer Accessibility: Supports popular programming languages like Rust, TypeScript, Solidity, C/C++, and Go via Wasm execution. Maintaining compatibility with EVM tooling, such as MetaMask and Ethereum-based smart contracts, reduces the learning curve for developers transitioning to Fluent.

Token

Fluent’s ecosystem is poised to include a native token to power the blended execution network. Specific details like the token’s ticker or launch date remain undisclosed, and its role will likely align with Fluent’s mission to incentivize developer participation and secure its zk-optimized infrastructure. It will probably drive the network’s operations, reward contributors, and enable governance within this multi-VM environment. 

Traction

Fluent is currently in its pre-mainnet phase, with its public devnet v2 live. This marks an early but pivotal stage for testing its blended execution network on Ethereum. Developers can already experiment with Solidity, Vyper, and Rust contracts, standalone or blended, via the devnet, offering a hands-on preview of its Wasm-EVM-SVM integration.

While exact user stats like active addresses or transaction volumes aren’t public yet, the devnet’s accessibility signals Fluent’s push to engage developers ahead of its mainnet launch. Over 60 projects are being built with or integrated with the Fluent platform. These projects span various sectors, including decentralized finance (DeFi) and innovative applications that leverage cross-chain capabilities. 

Team

The Fluent team comprises about 20 experienced professionals with deep expertise in blockchain technology, virtual machines, and decentralized systems. Dino is a co-founder and CEO with a background in cloud computing, DevOps, and AI infrastructure. He previously founded Modular Media. Dmitry is the other co-founder and CTO with ten years of experience in blockchain development, virtual machines, and instruction execution. He was previously Chief Architect of Ankr. 

The team is focused on creating a blended execution environment to enable seamless interoperability and scalability for decentralized applications. Their goal is to reduce developers’ complexity while enhancing performance and cross-chain composability. This combination of technical expertise and innovative vision positions Fluent as a leading player in the modular blockchain ecosystem. 

Investors

Fluent raised an $8M seed round in February 2025, led by Polychain Capital. It saw participation from Balaji Srinivasan, Santiago R. Santos, MH Ventures, dao5, Symbolic Capital, Primitive Ventures, and others.

Conclusion

Fluent presents a bold vision to reshape blockchain development by delivering the world’s first blended execution layer 2 on Ethereum, uniting Wasm, EVM, and SVM into a zk-optimized ecosystem. Through its core innovation of rWasm and language-agnostic tooling, Fluent tackles critical Web3 challenges like limited expressivity, steep learning curves, and ecosystem fragmentation. By enabling seamless cross-VM dApps, Fluent lowers costs, boosts scalability, and invites the global developer community to build on Ethereum without compromise. 

Fluent’s technical foundation and pairing of modular design with zk-efficiency position it to meet the rising demand for flexible, high-performance blockchain solutions. The public devnet v2 and over 60 projects in the works signal promising early traction, though Fluent must prove its mettle against live competitors in a crowded L2 market. 

Backed by $8M in funding and a seasoned team, Fluent has the resources and expertise to execute. If it delivers on its mainnet promise, Fluent could redefine Ethereum’s developer landscape and cement its place as a transformative force in modular blockchain innovation. 

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